How does alcohol affect our health?

PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF ALCOHOLISM

Physical appearance

Changes perceived are as follows: messiness, from unshaved beard to striking neatness as a type of camouflage alcoholics use to conceal the disease. Bloating in the face, red eyes…

consequences of alcoholism

rak jednjaka alkoholizam

Esophagus – oesophageal catarrh, esophageal cancer

alkoholizam cir na zelucu

Stomach – alcohol directly damages the superficial parts of the mucous membranes (gastritis, ulcer)

alkoholizam ciroza jetre

Liver – alcoholic hepatosis or fatty liver change, cirrhosis as the most severe stage of the disease because of the irreversible damage.

alkoholizam srce problem

Heart – a decrease in the power of cardiac muscle contraction, the heart works faster leading to cardiac muscle exhaustion.

izmiranje ćelija mozga kod alkoholičara

Central nervous system – cell death in the nervous system leading to brain atrophy (drying).

dermatoza alkoholizam

Skin – dermatosis (skin redness and rash)

Peripheral nervous system – inflammation of the nerves. Numbness, tingling, fatigue, loss of strength, leg cramps.

General physical deterioration – decline in the body defense mechanism and immunity.

Bowels – small and large intestine inflammation.

Pancreas – chronic inflammation of the pancreas leads to an increase in blood sugar levels or diabetes.

Blood vessels – deteriorate in quality, elasticity, and become fragile. Increased risk of stroke and heart attack.

PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ALCOHOLISM

Mental functions disorders

Changes in character and personality with alcoholic behavior

Psychotic disorders (alcoholic insanity)

Mental functions disorders

Concentration becomes poor

Memory weakens

Thinking is difficult and slow

Intelligence is weakened

Affect disorder is reflected in frequent mood swings

Wills and instincts are decreasing

Changes in character, personality and alcoholic-type behavior

Defensive tactics:

Minimization, constant minimization of the problem level

Denial, denying all problems caused by drinking

Rationalization, continuous justification

Projection, different interpretation of real events

Suppression, a defense by forgetting unpleasant events related to drinking

Social comparison, the comparison of one’s own drinking with the drinking of other people

The most common characteristics of alcoholic behavior:

Social and emotional immaturity

Lack of self-discipline

Selfishness and egocentricity

Negative and hesitant attitude towards authority

Superficial relationships with people

Limited interest

Inability to express emotions

Poor tolerance to thwarting

Lying

Psychotic disorders – alcoholic insanity

alkoholizam lečenje

Pathologically drunk state

Delirium tremens: hallucinations, loss of orientation, hands and body shaking, headaches, pain and cramps in muscles.

Alcohol dementia

Korsakoff’s psychosis

Alcoholic pathological jealousy

Alcoholic hallucinosis

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